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What's new in PHOENICS-3.5: TR002

Contents

  1. In-Form Extensions
  2. BFC Menu improvements
  3. GENTRA Menu improvements
  4. VR Editor improvements
  5. VR Viewer improvements
  6. COSP
  7. AC3D
  8. Parallel PHOENICS developments
  9. Property-selection treatment
  10. MFM developments
  11. SFT developments
  12. PARSOL improvements
  13. COFFUS-related extensions
  14. The library-search facility
  15. Conversion to Imperial and other units
  16. Coming soon
    1. A new PHOTON
    2. More about moving bodies
  17. Changes in settings and practices between 3.4 and 3.5

1. In-Form Extensions

In-Form, the Input-of-Data-by-way-of-Formulae feature which was introduced in PHOENICS 3.4, has been greatly extended in capability and reliability.

Features deserving especial mention are:

  1. MOFOR (i.e. moving-frame of reference), the ability to prescribe the motions of geometrically-described bodies by way of time-dependent translations and rotations;
  2. the ability to set initial values, properties and sources within facet-described objects of the kind employed in PHOENICS-VR;
  3. the representation of the effects of such moving bodies on the fluids in which they are immersed;
  4. enlargement of the number of functions which may appear in the formulae;
  5. inclusion of many illustrative examples in the input-file library; and
  6. provision of extensive debug facilities.

From the points of view of new and old users of PHOENICS, one great advantage of In-Form is that the former are relieved from learning, and the latter from trying to remember, the multiple significances of the GRNDx pointer. and exactly how COVAL statements should be structured.

On-line browsers can see an animated display of the movement of an under-water vessel, through salinity-stratified waters, by clicking here. The following picture shows the tell-tale ripples which it makes in a constant-salinity surface.

The simulation is created by insertion of very few In-Form lines in the Q1 file.

For those who are interested in the equations which PHOENICS solves, In_Form provides the means of printing out, and modifying if it is desired, all the terms in the finite-volume equations.

The print-out facility greatly assists the interpretation of unexplained results; for these are the results of the terms in the equations, the culprit among which can often be swiftly determined.

An important further extension is the introduction of the In_Form Editor, which enables users of the Satellite Menu system to modify In_Form statements interactively.

Because the menu system was conceived before In_Form was thought of, a degree of incompatibility existed between them at first. This has now been resolved; and in a way which will have beneficial future effects.

Specifically, features of the PHOENICS Input Language PIL, which the menu system has brushed aside (e.g. DO loops, IF - THEN - ELSE constructs; and many others) will soon become, as In_Form statements are already, editable via the menu.


2. BFC Menu improvements

In PHOENICS 3.5, the BFC Grid Generation facility has been brought into the VR-Editor. It is activated by clicking on the new Grid mesh Gridmesh toggle button and then clicking on the grid anywhere in the domain. The BFC Menu will then appear.

BFC Menu

The main functions on the BFC Menu are:

Other BFC improvements

Most of the troublesome restrictions on the number of lines, points and frames, which existed in previous versions, have been removed.


3. GENTRA Menu improvements

In PHOENICS 3.5, the Lagrangian Particle Tracker, GENTRA, has been brought into the VR-Editor. GENTRA is activated from the Models panel of the Main Menu, seen below.

Main Menu - Models Once GENTRA has been activated, a 'settings' button appears which leads to the new GENTRA Menu.

From here, the particle type can be selected. and all other GENTRA settings made.

Inlet conditions

The particle inlet conditions must be specified by means of a inlet-data file or directly in the Q1 file after the GENTRA Menu session.

Particle Exits

Particle exit conditions are set individually for all Inlet, Outlet and Fan objects. By default, particles are allowed to leave through all Inlet, Outlet and Fan objects.

Symmetry Planes

These are set as Objects of the type GENTRA_SYMMETRY.

Display

The VR-Viewer can now display the tracks from the GENUSE file, as shown in this picture from Library case G201:

GENTRA Library Case G201

If more than 20 tracks are specified, GENTRA places the trajectory and time-history output data into a single file, GHIS. Individual tracks or time histories can be extracted by using the UNPACK program. This can be run from the 'Run - Utilities' menu.

4. VR Editor improvements

4.1 Revised hand-set

The hand-set has been split into two independent parts; the Object and Domain Controls

Object and Domain Controls

and the Movement Controls. The Movement Control dialog is always active, even when other dialogs are open. It is therefore possible to change the view during object selection, or during BFC grid generation without disturbing the open dialog.

Movement Controls

4.2 CAD Import from List

An easy way to import an assembly is to use the 'Import by group' button. Note that this only appears for a new object.

Group CAD Import Dialog

The names of the CAD files to be imported are read from a list. The list can be created in any convenient way, for example by issuing the command DIR/B *.STL > LIST from a Command prompt. The list file can contain a mixture of supported CAD data types.

For the first object to be imported, the origin of the CAD system is taken to be the origin of the object. For subsequent objects, the CAD origin will only be changed if the new object is at a more negative location. 

If a sequence of CAD objects is to be imported, it is therefore important to set the origin of the CAD system correctly for the first object, so that the relative positioning is maintained.

4.3 Object Colour

The geometry files describing the object shape also contain a colour for each facet. By default, these are the colours used to draw the object. The Colour button on the Object Dialog box brings up a dialog box from which other colours can be chosen.

Colour Options Dialog - Default

There are three colour modes available:

Colour Options Dialog - User Colour

In the default mode, the colour transparency is set in the geometry file. In the other two modes, the colour can be set to Solid or Transparent.

4.4 Display of grid in Fine-Grid-Volumes

The fine grid inside the Fine-Grid-Volume objects can now be displayed in the VR-Editor by turning the mesh display on.

Grid in Fine Grid Volumes

4.5 On/Off toggles for probe, axes and title

The probe, axis and title can be turned on and off individually. A right-click on the Axes toggle button brings up the View Options dialog:

View Options Dialog

4.6 On/Off toggle for display of domain

The Hide /Show dialog has an extra control for the display of the domain itself:

Hide / Show Dialog

4.7 Revised Configuration Files

The configuration file \phoenics\d_enviro\phoesav.cfg now contains:

4.8 CHEMKIN Interface

An item has been added to the 'Run - Preprocessor' menu, to run the CKINTERP program which forms part of the interface between PHOENICS and CHEMKIN2.

CHEMKIN Interpreter

CKINTERP transforms the mechanism file (*.ckm) into the CLINK and TPLINK files required by CHEMKIN.

5. VR Viewer improvements

5.1 Opening Files For Plotting

The files to be plotted are selected during the VR-Viewer start-up sequence. If another set of results is to be plotted, clicking on the F6 icon or pressing the F6 function key will display the file selection dialog without changing any of the display settings. Clicking on Run - VR-Viewer will restart the Viewer and reset all the display settings to default.

Transient Cases

The dialog for selecting transient files has been changed:

File names Dialog - Transient

The Use intermediate step files button is displayed if intermediate dumps have been selected in the VR-Editor Main Menu - Output - Dump Settings panel. When Use intermediate step files is selected, the following dialog is displayed:

Intermediate Files Dialog

The > symbol advances to the next stored time-step, >> to the last stored time-step. Similarly, < and << go back to the previous and first stored time-steps. Clicking or pressing F7 or F8 will also load the next or previous time-step files.

5.2 Streamline Upgrade

A left-click on the Start Streamline button creates a new streamline, using the current stream options.

A right-click brings up the Stream Options dialog:

Stream Options Dialog

The options on this dialog are:

The line mode for each streamline is stored. Changing the 'Coloured by' mode will change the way all existing streamlines are coloured.

This image shows a 'circle' of stream lines coloured by total time:

Steamline Plot

5.3 Contour Upgrade

It is now possible to switch between the default contour shading, which uses 16 distinct colour bands, and continuous shading, which uses the full colour range selected in Windows.

Continuous Contour Shading

The area-averaged contour value is displayed under the probe value.

5.4 Macro facility

A typical use of the VR-Viewer macro is to construct VR-Viewer screen images and save them into one or more GIF files automatically. For example, if a transient case has been run with PHOENICS and  a succession of phi files has been saved at different timesteps, a macro file can be created to drive the Viewer to load the phi files one by one and save the images with the view of creating animations.

Saving VR-Viewer Macros

Macro files can be created by the following means:

macro Functions Dialog

Select 'Save as new' then click OK. The current view settings will be written to the selected file.

The macro commands can also be saved in the Q1 input file, by placing them between the statements VRV USE and ENDUSE. These two lines, and all the macro lines, must start in column 3 or more to ensure that they are treated as comments by the VR-Editor.

Running VR-Viewer Macros

Macros can be run by as follows:

VR-Viewer Macro Commands

A full list of macro commands is given in TR/326.

PHOTON 'USE' Files

For compatibility, VR-Viewer can also read a limited range of commands in the PHOTON command language. This enables it to display images from PHOTON USE files.

5.5 Plotting Options

A right-click on the Contour, Vector or Iso-surface buttons brings up the Plotting Options dialog.

Plotting Volume DIalog

Vector intervals controls the plotting of vectors. When set to, say, 3, only every third vector will be drawn. This can prevent vector plots on very fine grids from appearing like contour plots.

Plane limits sets a volume within which Vectors, Contours and Iso-surfaces are drawn. The limits can be set in physical co-ordinates or as cell numbers.

These settings are stored for each saved Slice.

5.6 Opening and Saving Cases

The File - Open existing case and File - Save as a case options have been made active for the VR-Viewer. It is no longer necessary to exit to the VR-Editor in order to save the current case, or to open another case.

5.7 Printing Options

It is now possible to send the screen image directly to any printer available to Windows. This feature is common to VR-Editor and VR-Viewer.

5.8 Background Colour

The background colour used by the Editor and Viewer can be set from the Options menu. Whatever colour is chosen will be used for saved or printed images.


6. COSP (Constant Optimising Software Package) development

COSP has been upgraded and evaluated since it was announced with the PHOENICS 3.4 release, as a new "goal-seeking" feature, which enables so called "inverse problems to be solved, such as the search for the constants in a formula which will best fit prescribed experimental data.

New features added

  1. A utility, RESLOOK window for viewing results during the searching process and breaking of the execution is provided. RESLOOK window enables users
  2. The mathematical expressions, which contain the constants being searched by COSP, can be written by In-Form in the Q1 file as well as through the ground file. Long lines of In-Form expressions separated by $ sign are accepted. The correction of the current values of the searched constants in In-Form expressions are made directly in EARDAT file.
  3. COSP can select either PHOENICS or any other external program as its solver.
  4. The COSP input file, COSP.INP has been upgraded in order to accommodate the new features and to make the operators names used in the file more meaningful. For example, new groups, « In-Form Group » and « External Solver Group » have been added.

Evaluation

COSP has been evaluated through worked examples and also applied to the tobacco industry for filter design.

One of evaluation cases is to employ COSP for searching the correct boundary value for a convection-diffusion problem for which the exact solution is available for comparison with the numerical prediction. The mathematical descriptions for the convection-diffusion problem are as follows.

dJ/dx=1/Pe*d(dJ/dx)/dx+S, where S= 1-2/Pe+2x+pi*cos(pi*x)+pi**2*sin(pi*x)/Pe

Boundary conditions: x= 0, J = 1+exp(-Pe); x= 1, J = 4

The exact solution is : J = 1+x+x**2+exp(-Pe(1-x))+sin(pi*x)

The values for various number runs are shown in the following table where F is the objective function which is used to measure the difference between predictions and experiments, and its tolerance can be specified by the user. As seen, the value at the boundary x= 1 found by COSP is 3.99 compared with the correct value 4 at 105 run which took 107 sec.

NoRun F J ( at x=1)
1 0.1458 2.00
10 0.109 2.50
50 0.019 4.24
105 0.001 3.99

The comparison between the exact solution and the calculated values for various number of runs are shown in the following table.

Pe J(1) J(10) J(50) J(105) J(exact x=0.5)
1 2.601 2.790 3.448 3.353 3.357
2 2.576 2.712 3.187 3.118 3.118
3 2.602 2.697 3.023 2.975 2.973
4 2.643 2.704 2.920 2.888 2.886
5 2.677 2.717 2.855 2.835 2.832

Documentation

The COSP entry in the PHOENICS-Encyclopaedia has been greatly extended. Its contents cover:

  1. What is COSP
  2. How COSP works
  3. COSP input files
  4. How to run COSP
  5. Worked examples

COSP will be available to all maintained customers

Whereas COSP has been provided with PHOENICS 3.4 only for interested users to try, PHOENICS 3.5 will be released with fully attached COSP, as part of the standard package, available to all maintained customers.


7. AC3D

AC3D is a stand-alone program which can be used (among other things) to create objects for use in the VR Editor.

AC3D produces VR-compatible .dat files. Objects are constructed from any number of primitive objects (spheres, cylinders, extruded polygons);
or they can be imported in a wide range of other formats including those of:

Additional tools supplied by CHAM allow the 3 Boolean operations in the figure, illustrated using a box and a sphere:

  1. add (eg add a sphere to a box, creating a bump on the box)
  2. subtract (eg subtract a sphere from a box to create a hole in the box) or
  3. create the intersection of two objects (the shared volume between two objects).

AC3D Interface View

Any objects created can be used immediately within PHOENICS:

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8. Parallel PHOENICS developments

Parallel PHOENICS has been available for several years, both for multi-processor machines and for clusters of single-processor ones.

Many PHOENICS users have therefore been enabled to carry out simulations that would have been prohibitively time-consuming if run in sequential mode.

Parallel PHOENICS makes use of "domain-decomposition"; but, until now, it has been possible to split the domain of study only in the z-direction.

However, many large simulations do not have a grid that is significantly larger in one direction than the others; and indeed many large two-dimensional problems have been formulated so as to use the x- and y-directions only; for that is the most economical choice for sequential machines.

The ability to split the domain in all three directions is therefore very desirable, so as to increase the efficiency of the operation and to enable a larger number of processors to be used.

PHOENICS-3.5 now possesses this ability. The enhancement enables parallelisation to be applied to a much wider range of cases than before.

(Note: this feature is currently available only on LINUX and UNIX systems; Windows-based PCs will be added to the list shortly.)


9. Property-selection treatment

It was particularly the last development which showed how non-uniform the internal handling of material properties had become, because of its history; and which therefore motivated its reorganization.

As a consequence of this reorganization, all properties are now handled in a uniform manner, in that they can be:

Although older methods of property-setting are still operational, it is the use of In-Form's (PROPERTY ....) statement which is recommended.

To assist users to understand, and benefit from, the new treatment, a "properties" document (TR 004) has been added to the hard-copy documentation.


10. MFM developments

The main development connected with the multi-fluid model of turbulence has been the provision of means of solving for "continuously-varying attributes".

Therefore, if the gases in a turbulent combustor are treated as a population of, say, 20 different fluids, distinguished by their fuel-air ratio, each is now allowed to possess its own non-discretised temperature, density and NOX concentration.

This new feature of PHOENICS-3.5 is being employed both for combustor simulations and for the gravity-influenced turbulence in stratified marine waters.


11. SFT (solid-stress + fluid-flow + Thermal analysis) developments

There have been two main developments in this area, namely:

  1. The material properties which affect the stresses in solids, namely the Young's modulus, the Poisson's Ratio, and the coefficient of thermal expansion, are now allowed to vary arbitrarily throughout the domain of study.

    Moreover the methods of specifying these properties have been brought into line with those used for the properties of fluids, as part of the reorganization mentioned in section 9.

  2. Secondly, the treatment of bending moments has been improved by the introduction of an easy-to-solve additional equation.

CHAM is sponsoring PhD work on the subject at the University of Hertford.


12. PARSOL improvements

The PARSOL feature of PHOENICS has many merits. In particular it enables flow around bodies of complex shape to be simulated without the use of body-fitted co-ordinate grids, as was already shown in the following picture which appeared in "What's New in PHOENICS 3.4":

However, its implementation in PHOENICS-3.4 had some limitations, of which one was acknowledged and (temporarily) accepted, while the other came to light only in the course of experience.

The acknowledged limitation was an insufficiently accurate representation of 'conjugate heat transfer', i.e. the circumstance in which heat transfer has to be computed between the fluid and the solid, and the thermal conductivity of the latter is not so great that its temperature can be taken as uniform.

By careful re-coding, coupled with painstaking testing, this limitation has been completely removed. as many newly-created examples in the Input Library have proved.

The following picture shows how the symmetry of the temperature distribution has been improved for conjugate heat transfer problem.

The old-PARSOL result is on the left; the new-PARSOL one is on the right.

The second limitation was a tendency to produce inaccurate results, even for flows without heat transfer, in certain circumstances, especially those in which body-defining facets lay very nearly in grid-defining planes.

This limitation has also been eliminated, by the adoption of a more robust algorithm for computing which facets cut which cell edges, and where.

It would be inappropriate to explain here the details of the new algorithm; but it is worth reporting that it has the further advantage of being much faster in execution than the previous one.

This is particularly important now that attention is being given to moving bodies, which require that the facet-cuts-cell behaviour must be recalculated at the start of each time step.


13. COFFUS-related extensions

COFFUS is the name of a special-purpose version of PHOENICS which simulates flow, heat transfer and combustion in large furnaces.

It was created within the framework of the EC-supported MICA project; and it is now the focus of attention of another such project entitled Nice-Coal.

Several related developments are now available within PHOENICS-3.5, as described below;

  1. A revised model of coal combustion full description and application of which can be found here if on-line.

    The model is an extension of COFFUS approach significantly improving its physical basis and robustness in terms of radiation, coal-drying, char-oxidation and NOX production modelling.

  2. P-1 model of radiation for gas and particle-laden flows.
  3. Simple, realistic (hopefully) and robust model of NOX formation accounting for thermal and fuel-bound routes.
  4. A model of coal gasification, including pulverized and moving-bed gasifications.

  5. A model of fire suppression by steam-water spray.

14. The library-search facility

The PHOENICS Input-File Library contains nearly three thousand cases; and more are being added every week. However, the more there are, the harder it becomes to find what one wants,

CHAM has therefore developed a library-search facility which enables all cases satisfying a selected set of criteria to be listed and then inspected and run.

The user selects one or more of features connected:

This facility is activated by way of the New PHOENICS Commander, which has replaced both the earlier Commander and the PHOENICS Manager.


15. Conversion to Imperial and other units

Although much of the world uses Systeme Internationale (SI) units of measurement, the so-called Imperial system (lb, ft, hr, Btu) is still widely used, especially in North America.

For this reason, CHAM has attached a units-converter utility to PHOENICS.

On-line readers can sample it by clicking here.

Others can gain an idea of what it does from the following picture:


16. Coming soon

16.1. A new PHOTON

Under development, and to be completed by the end of September 2002, is an improved PHOTON which, while capable of doing all that the current PHOTON can do, will:

As soon as this is complete and delivered, an in-PHOTON post-processing capability will be developed, which will enable users to compute and plot arbitrary functions of the variables with which it has been supplied.


16.2. More about moving bodies

The moving-frame-of-reference concept (MOFOR) was mentioned above in connexion with both In-Form and PARSOL.

This will be a subject on which CHAM will be focussing in the coming months because of its importance both in mechanical industry (pumps, impellers, missiles and vehicles) and in human motion (running, dancing and swimming).

PHOENICS users who have interest in such matters are invited to communicate their experiences, their wishes and their advice to CHAM.


17. Changes in Settings and Practices between 3.4 and 3.5

The conduction term in the Enthalpy Equation

In all versions of PHOENICS prior to 3.5, the conduction term in the enthalpy equation has been written as -(k/Cp).grad(h). This meant that it was not possible to perform meaningful conjugate heat transfer calculations with the enthalpy formulation.

In PHOENICS 3.5, the temperature-enthalpy relationship is internally defined as:

T = (h-h_base)/Cp

where h_base stands for the enthalpy of the material in question when T equals 0.0 on the temperature scale in question.  The values of h_base are deduced from the TMP1/2 and CP1/2 settings.

The conduction term at any solid-fluid interface has been written in the form -k.grad((h-h_base)/Cp), which is equivalent to -k.grad(T).

The consequences of this change are that

  1. It is now possible to perform conjugate heat transfer calculations with the enthalpy equation.
  2. The setting STORE(H0_1) will cause EARTH to put the phase 1 h_base values into the RESULT and PHI files. STORE(H0_2) will do the same for phase 2.

The Specific Heat and Temperature, CP1/TMP1 and CP2/TMP2

In Version 3.4 and earlier, the constants for the CP1 formulae were transferred to Earth via TMP1A, TMP1B and TMP1C. These constants were also used for the TMP1 temperature-enthalpy relationship.

In Version 3.5 new variables CP1A, CP1B and CP1C have been introduced to eliminate this double use, with CP2A etc for phase 2. The TMP1A/B/C variables are now used exclusively for TMP1. The specific heat previously implied by the TMP1A/B/C settings for the various TMP1 formulae, is now explicitly set via CP1.

Users who are using any of the built-in CP1/2 formulae must edit their Q1 files to change TMP1A to CP1A and so on.

Users who are using any of the built-in TMP1 formulae must also ensure that the CP1 setting is consistent with the selected TMP1 formula.

Bearing in mind that the enthalpy-temperature relationship is defined as:

T = (h-h_base)/Cp

the changes required for the various TMP1 (or TMP2) formulae are:

TMP1

Old formula, T= New formula, T=
GRND1 TMP1A TMP1A
GRND2 TMP1A+TMP1B*H1 TMP1A+H1/CP1
user should set CP1=1/TMP1B
h_base=-TMP1A*CP1
GRND3 TMP1A + TMP1B * H1 + TMP1C * C3 TMP1A + H1/CP1 + TMP1C * C3
user should set CP1=1/TMP1B
h_base=-(TMP1A+TMP1C*C3)*CP1
GRND4 TMP1A * H + TMP1B * AMAX0(0.0, C1 + TMP1C) H/CP1 + TMP1B * AMAX0(0.0, C1 + TMP1C)
user should set CP1=1/TMP1A
h_base=-(TMP1B*AMAX1(0.0,C1)+TMP1C)*CP1
GRND5 (TMP1A - 0.5 * (U1**2 + V1**2 + W1**2)) / TMP1B (TMP1A - 0.5 * (U1**2 + V1**2 + W1**2)) /CP1
user should set CP1=TMP1B
GRND6 (H1 - 0.5 * (U1**2 + V1**2 + W1**2)) / TMP1B (H1 - 0.5 * (U1**2 + V1**2 + W1**2)) /CP1
user should set CP1=TMP1B
h_base=0.5 * (U1**2 + V1**2 + W1**2)
GRND7 (H1 - TMP2B * Mfuel)/ (TMP1A * Mfuel + TMP1B * Mprod + TMP1C * Moxid) (H1 - TMP2B * Mfuel)/CP1
user should set CP1=GRND10 and
CP1A= TMP1A; CP1B=TMP1B; CP1C= TMP1C 

h_base=TMP2B*Mfuel

Note that the CP1 settings given in bold in the table are those required to reproduce exactly the old formulae. Any CP1 formula can in fact be used. The h_base definitions are given for information;  they are set internally in GXTEMPR.FOR.

Users who have set TMP1=GRND must ensure that h_base is calculated in such a fashion that the T=(h-h_base)/Cp relationship is satisfied. The indices IH01 and IH02 should be used to set the values. For example, to recreate the TMP1=GRND2 (T = a + bH) option, in Q1 set:

TMP1=GRND; RG(1)=const; CP1=value

In Group 9, Section 10 of Ground, put

      L0T1=LOF(TEMP1)
      L0H1=L0F(H1)
      L0CP1=L0F(ISPH1)
      L0H_BASE=L0F(IH01)
      DO I=1,NXNY
        F(L0T1+I)=RG(1)+F(L0H1+I)/F(L0CP1+I)
        F(L0H_BASE+I)=-RG(1)*F(L0CP1+I)
      ENDDO

The Property Marker Variable PRPS

The STOREd variable PRPS has long been used to mark the property number for each cell. In earlier versions of PHOENICS, the individual property variables, RHO1, ENUL, CP1 and PRNDTL(TEM1), had to be set to GRND10 to make EARTH find the property values from the PROPS file.

In PHOENICS 3.4 and 3.5, the very existence of PRPS as a STOREd variable is enough to make EARTH check the PRPS value for each cell. In Version 3.4, for cells in which PRPS=FIINIT(PRPS), EARTH would take the properties from  RHO1, ENUL, CP1 and PRNDTL(TEM1), not the PROPS file.

If the user selected a material for the domain, say 67 - Water, then edited the properties of the material to change the density to 1001, the Q1 file would contain RHO1=1001; FIINIT(PRPS)=67.

In Version 3.5, the properties are taken from RHO1, ENUL etc in cells where PRPS=-1.0. For the above example, the user should change FIINIT(PRPS) from 67. to -1., otherwise the default density for material 67 will be used.

In addition, users who find settings such as:

RHO1=GRND10; ENUL=GRND10; CP1=GRND10; PRNDTL(TEM1)=GRND10
FIINIT(PRPS)=n

in their Q1 files are advised to delete these settings and add the line:

SETPRPS(1,n)

at the end of Group 9.

Turbulence Model Constants

The turbulence model constants for all variants of the K-e model can be set from the Q1 file using the SPEDAT command. These take the form:

SPEDAT(SET,KECONST,const,R,value)

where 'const' can be AK, EWAL,CMU, CD, C1E, C2E, GCE3, GCT1, GCT2 or GCT3, and 'value' is the required value. These constants are also available on the Main Menu / Settings panel for Turbulence in the VR-Editor.