photon use p parphi 20 1 msg radial (ie vertical) scale has been enlarged 20-fold msg velocity vectors vec x 1 sh;pause;vec off;red msg effective-viscosity contours con enut x 1 fi;0.1;pause;con off;red msg w1 contours con w1 x 1 fi;0.1;pause;con off;red msg temperature contours con temperature x 1 fi;0.1;pause;con off;red enduse GROUP 1. Run title and other preliminaries TEXT(Pipe Flow M-Length Turb Model;Para TITLE DISPLAY The problem considered is turbulent flow in a smooth-walled pipe, with a wall temperature at a uniform value below that of the entering fluid. The calculation is continued to a distance of 30 diameters from the entrance, to enable the velocity and temperature profiles to attain unchanging shapes. The Prandtl mixing-length model is used, with Nikuradze's formula for the length scale: 2(Lm/D) = 0.14 - 0.08(2y/D)**2 - 0.06(2y/D)**4 where y is the normal distance from the channel wall. Wall at temperature TWALL ///////////////////////////////////////////////////// Constant ----------------------------------------------------- specified ---> -> mass-flux,---> --> velocity ---> ---> and - - - - - - - - - - -Symmetry line- - - - - - - - - - temperature ^ |-------> z-direction ENDDIS REAL(PLEN,DIAM,WIN,REYNO,RAD,TIN,TWALL,EWAL,AK,RAD3) REYNO=4.E5;DIAM=1.0;WIN=1.0;TIN=1.;TWALL=0.;AK=.41;EWAL=8.6 mesga(Reynolds Number is :reyno: OK? If not, insert desired value readvdu(reyno,real,reyno) reyno GROUP 3. X-direction grid specification CARTES=F;XULAST=0.1 GROUP 4. Y-direction grid specification NY=30;RAD=0.5*DIAM;GRDPWR(Y,NY,RAD,0.75) GROUP 5. Z-direction grid specification PARAB=T;NZ=40;PLEN=30.*DIAM;GRDPWR(Z,NZ,PLEN,1.0) GROUP 7. Variables stored, solved & named SOLVE(P1,V1,W1);STORE(ENUT) NAME(H1)=TEMP;SOLVE(TEMP);STORE(LEN1) GROUP 8. Terms (in differential equations) & devices TERMS(TEMP,N,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y) GROUP 9. Properties of the medium (or media) ENUL=WIN*DIAM/REYNO;PRT(TEMP)=0.86;PRNDTL(TEMP)=0.7 ** Use Nikuradse's formula noting that wall is at north boundary at distance RAD from the centre-line... ENUT=MIXLEN;RAD3=RAD**3 EL1=NIKURPIP;EL1A=.14*RAD;EL1B=-0.08/RAD;EL1C=-0.06/RAD3 GROUP 11. Initialization of variable or porosity fields FIINIT(W1)=WIN;FIINIT(TEMP)=TIN GROUP 13. Boundary conditions and special sources ** North-Wall Boundary WALL(WFUN,NORTH,1,1,NY,NY,1,NZ,1,1);COVAL(WFUN,TEMP,LOGLAW,TWALL) ** Inlet Boundary INLET(IN,LOW,1,1,1,NY,1,1,1,1);VALUE(IN,P1,WIN);VALUE(IN,W1,WIN) VALUE(IN,TEMP,TIN) GROUP 16. Termination of iterations LITHYD=20;SELREF=T;RESFAC=0.01 GROUP 17. Under-relaxation devices RELAX(ENUT,LINRLX,0.25) GROUP 19. Data communicated by SATELLITE to GROUND DWDY=T GROUP 21. Print-out of variables OUTPUT(TEMP,Y,Y,Y,N,Y,Y) GROUP 22. Monitor print-out IZMON=1;IYMON=27;ITABL=1;NPLT=1;NPRMON=1 GROUP 23. Field print-out and plot control PATCH(IZEQNZ,PROFIL,1,1,1,NY,NZ,NZ,1,1) PLOT(IZEQNZ,W1,0.0,0.0);PLOT(IZEQNZ,LEN1,0.0,0.0) PATCH(LONGPLOT,PROFIL,1,NZ,NY,NY,3,NZ,1,1) PLOT(LONGPLOT,W1,0.0,0.0);PLOT(LONGPLOT,TEMP,TWALL,TIN) PATCH(LONGPLT2,PROFIL,1,1,1,1,3,NZ,1,1) PLOT(LONGPLT2,W1,0.0,0.0);PLOT(LONGPLT2,TEMP,TWALL,TIN) GROUP 24. Dumps for restarts ** create file parphi or parada for PHOTON viewing WALPRN=T;UWATCH=T;TSTSWP=LITHYD-1;IDISPA=2 mesg(Use low-Reynolds-Number modification? (y/n) READVDU(ANS,CHAR,N) IF(:ANS:.EQ.Y) THEN mesg(enter 6 for fourth-power decay of turbulent viscosity or mesg( 9 for complete cut-off at turb/lam = 20 READVDU(IENUTA,INT,0) IF(IENUTA.EQ.9) THEN ENUTA=0.05 ENDIF IF(IENUTA.EQ.6) THEN ENUTA=0.2;ENUTB=4.0 ENDIF RELAX(ENUT,LINRLX,0.1) ENDIF IENUTA